Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Based on certain features of the disease, such as acidity in the stomach, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet can vary according to what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is often under severe stress, he will certainly develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that leads to inflammation of the stomach lining, causing its integrity to be compromised.As a result, various unpleasant symptoms appear, the main of which is acute pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, flatulence, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or disappears completely, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis comes in many different forms, including those that can be caused by infectious environments, but in all cases, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can and cannot eat, but also change your nutritional principles, build a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the entire amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, it is necessary to tighten the diet;In addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main difference in diet will be determined by the level of acidity.Which index is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before treatment.
Increased acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs most often, you need to follow three basic principles:
- Mechanical.It stipulates a ban on fried foods;In addition, coarse fibers, such as bran bread, rutabaga, radishes and meat streaks, are not allowed.
- Chemicals.It says you need to avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid necessary for digestion, such as soda, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, concentrated broths made from meat and fish are prohibited.
- heat.It consists in eating foods that have an optimal temperature, which is usually between 16-55 degrees Celsius. If the food is hotter or colder, then with gastritis, this will irritate the esophagus, leading to increased food absorption time and, therefore, increased stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is acidic, then low-fat fish and meat, fermented milk products, eggs, which can be used as omelettes or boiled, will be suitable for nutritional supplementation.In addition, the diet can include peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
Diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote the release of more enzymes to ensure digestion.To do this, it is important to normalize the eating process.This must be done gradually;It is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Significantly improve hydrochloric acid secretion by drinking lightly carbonated mineral water;You should drink 200ml of this water each time before meals.A variety of fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be eaten immediately after finishing the meal, because snacking is not allowed on the diet.You should choose light vegetables and fruits, based on the principle of no hard fiber.To make digestion more convenient, it is better to peel the fruit first and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has several benefits over high acidity.Small amounts of chocolate products, light soups, broths and river fish, mushrooms and lean meat, including rabbit and veal, are acceptable.Dairy derivatives are allowed, but it is best to avoid dairy.
What is not allowed?
If you have acidic gastritis, you should not consume:
- Grill;
- Chocolate products;
- Fried, spicy foods;
- alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation - menu for the week
In case of exacerbation, it is necessary to find a compromise solution and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and trace elements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the mucous membrane, causing it to become inflamed.In this situation, digestion needs as much support as possible so that it happens very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all foods as much as possible and only use boiling or steaming methods for cooking.
It is important to make the menu compiled not only balanced and light, but also to strictly adhere to it, eating at a strictly determined time every day.The interval between doses should not be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will be empty and the exacerbation of the condition will only increase.It cannot be conveyed, as it causes stomach stasis.In the evening, you should eat no later than three to four hours before going to bed.
Oddly enough, during the period of exacerbation, the first day should be on an empty stomach.However, the stomach still needs to be filled.To do this, you need to drink a lot of filtered water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.Starting from the second day, it is allowed to eat liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water.In addition, boiled eggs and non-condensed soups with mashed vegetables will be very useful.When gastritis becomes more severe, fatty foods should be completely eliminated from the diet because they break down very slowly.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Breakfast includes oatmeal and compote;
- The second time you can have steamed cheesecake for breakfast;
- Lunch includes mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish, stew;
- Afternoon snack – biscuits with light tea;
- Dinner - a pasta dish with steamed lean meat cutlets, light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday, Saturday:
- Breakfast includes baked apples, cheesecake and stew;
- The second time you should have breakfast with a glass of jelly;
- You need to have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, and mineral water from gas;
- An afternoon snack of unsweetened light tea with white bread is allowed;
- For dinner, have cottage cheese and compote.
Friday, Sunday:
- You should have breakfast with boiled eggs for about 5-6 minutes, rinse with broth;
- For your second breakfast, have cheesecake with tea;
- Lunch includes stewed vegetables, mashed potato soup, jelly;
- afternoon snack – a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should be boiled fish with porridge on the water.
Diet number 1 for gastritis
Diet number 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since restoring normal digestion and not irritating the gastric mucosa is very important in case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation of the disease ends.Of the cooking methods only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, since its presence negatively affects the condition of the internal surface of the stomach;In addition, salt also slows down the process of eliminating water from the body.
Diet number 1 involves dividing the entire daily diet into 5 to 6 small portions.Total calories consumed cannot be more than 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in the number 1 diet are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with vermicelli or rice;
- Lean meat, fish without tendons and other hard-to-digest ingredients;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, in dry form, as well as in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented dairy products, such as cheese, yogurt, skim milk.
Cannot be consumed in diet number 1:
- rye bread;
- Soups made from mushrooms and meat - you will have to give up okroshka soup, borscht, cabbage soup;
- smoked products;
- pickles;
- Fish and other canned foods.
Diet for the erosive form
Gastritis is called erosive when the effects of the disease cause erosion of the stomach, called an ulcer.Ulcers are a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, such as peritonitis, when the gradual erosion of the stomach wall leads to a through hole, allowing stomach contents to enter the abdominal cavity.This condition is potentially fatal if not treated with emergency surgery.
The cause of erosion along with the effects of Helicobacter Pylori infection is exposure to excessively acidic gastric substances or fluids.Therefore, with erosive gastritis, eating properly to slow down and reverse the process of ulcer formation is very important.
Here are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient has erosive gastritis:
- Consumed food must cause minimal irritation of the stomach wall and prevent an increase in acidity;
- You need to eat liquid, warm, pureed foods continuously.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Refuse bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables should be cooked by heat treatment;
- In food the emphasis should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose because there are no symptoms in the early stages of the disease.Among the few signs of the disease, people can notice belching after eating fried and greasy foods, which have a very unpleasant odor.In addition, the inevitable companion of atrophic gastritis is general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis puts serious limitations on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet, you should avoid:
- Black cake products, baked goods;
- smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- canned foods;
- Uncooked fruits and vegetables;
- Soda, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, during the stage of gastric atrophy, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To bring food to a ready-to-consume state, you can boil, steam, or bake
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soup made from mashed vegetables;
- Types of porridge on the water;
- Boil lean meat and chop finely;
- Skimmed milk derivative;
- boiled eggs;
- unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to marmalade, jelly and mousse.